China

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iron from iron ore. This was 1200 years before the first blast
furnace showed up in Europe. The reasons that the author gave to explain the reasons
why the Chinese developed this technology are simple. The Chinese had access to large
amounts of clay, the key ingredient in making blast furnaces. The Chinese also figured out
that by adding a substance they called :Black Earth,” they could lower the melting point of
iron.
Another major invention of the Chinese, that led to other achievements, is steel.
The common belief today is that Henry Bessemer discovered the process of refining iron
into steel. The fact is Chinese had developed the process to refine iron into steel in the
second century BC The Chinese learned that by injecting oxygen into the blast furnace,
they could remove the carbon from the iron. The Chinese called this process the
“hundred refinings method” since they repeated the process that many times. The finished
product was highly prized in ...

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