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Fertilization and Development - College Term Papers

Fertilization and Development

Fertilization and Development

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Module: Continuity
Activity: Animations
Title: Fertilization and Development

Fertilization

1. Define fertilization.

Process by which two gametes from the parents fuse their genetic information to form a new zygote.

2. Where does fertilization occur?

In the oviducts.

3. a. Describe sperm movement relative to the corona radiata and the zona pellucida.

Once sperm penetrate the secondary oocyte's corona radiata they enter the area of the zona pellucida. A glycoprotein in the zona pellucida binds to sperm and triggers the release of digesting enzymes.

b. What role do digestive enzymes have in ...

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oocyte.

b. What is the purpose of the polar body?

These are vestigial; they fragment and degenerate.

Embryonic Development

5. Define the embryonic period.

The 1st through 8th week of development.

6. a. Define each of the following:

cleavage - mitotic cell division resulting in blastomeres.

blastomeres - these are the individual cells that result from cleavage.

morula - this is a solid ball of blastomeres formed on or about the 4th day.

blastocyst - This is formed on the 5th day; the embryo sheds the zona pellucida and becomes a hollow ball of cells.

b. How long does it take for the morula to reach the uterus?

5 - 6 days.

7. Contrast the inner cell mass and the trophoblast cells.

The cells making up the perimeter of the blastocyst are the trophoblast cells and they will contribute to the formation of the placenta. The collection of cells on one end of the blastocyst called the inner cell mass will form the embryo.

8. When does the ...

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the 12h day, differentiation of the yolk sac cells forms an extraembryonic mesoderm. This new layer, along with the syncytiotrophoblast and cytotrophoblast, forms the chorion.

b. Describe the importance of the chorion.

The chorion grows to form a connecting stalk which will later become the umbilicus. The chorion forms the embryonic portion of the placenta.

13. a. What is the importance of the three germ layers formed during the third week?

The germ layers provide cells for organ formation in the following months. All tissues of the body arise from these 3 germ layers.

b. What is the importance of the primitive streak?

This forms on the surface of the embryonic ...

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PAPER DETAILS

Added: 5/26/2015 12:09:12 AM
Submitted By: kryss
Category: Health & Medicine
Type: Premium Paper
Words: 1429
Pages: 6

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